Part XXX
After lunch, the three families left for Alappuzha, also known as Allepey. The place is known as the Venice of the East because of its labyrinth of canals, dotted with houseboats called 'Kettuvellam'. The picturesque canals, backwaters, lagoons and beaches make this place one of the popular tourist destinations of the country. Milind had hired two large air-conditioned houseboats to spend two leisurely days, cruising up and down the palm fringed narrow canals and experiencing the microcosm of life on the water side with panoramic view of the water, land, birds and human habitations.
Ishan and Sahana were very excited to see the houseboats and ran in to check them out. Each of the boats, which were aesthetically designed and were eco-friendly, had two bedrooms with attached bathrooms, luxurious furnishings and fittings, sun deck for tanning and basking in the sun, kitchen facilities and cooks' services. The Mishra family were housed in one boat and the Shergills and the Khans took the other boat. During the day though, all three families congregated in one of the boats to chat and spend time together. The boats wound through the vast expanse of paddy fields and the neat tiny hamlets lined up along either side of the canals, affording unforgettable and breathtaking sights.
Inside of a houseboat:
As they meandered through the canals they saw a herd of goats being loaded into a small boat in order to be ferried from one of the tiny hamlet to the mainland. The goats were trying to balance themselves in the boat as it wobbled in the backwater.
Seeing this, Ishan yelled out to Sahana, "Sis, come and check this strange sight! Goats in a boat!" he emphasised each of the last four words for effect.
"Aren't they cute?" exclaimed Sahana and brought out her digital camera to capture the view for posterity. The boat also had a CPI(M)(a political party in India) party flag, possibly a symbol of the recent election fever. Swimming near the boat was a flock of ducks.
Prachi who was watching the scene remarked to her husband, "Milind, does this scene not remind you of your favourite book Animal Farm? See, there is a communist flag to give the political flavour. Then there are the goats and ducks to give the farm flavour."
Ayesha, who was standing nearby, was amused hearing Prachi's comment. "So Milind got you to read his favourite book too? And that too a political satire! I thought you hated politics."
"I still do, but I thought that Orwell was a clever writer who used allegory to convey a deep political message which was quite unpopular during his times but which was borne out by time later on."
"Wow, Prachi. You seem to know quite a bit about Animal Farm, then!"
"All thanks to Milind's tutorage," said Prachi looking proudly at her husband.
"With all that, I still could not get her interested in politics," said Milind, smiling ruefully.
"Well, one needn't be interested in everything that is of interest to one's spouse," said Neev, defending Prachi.
"Well said Mate!" said Ali. "Milind you should be thankful that Prachi has at least imbibed your other interests such as swimming and chess."
"Don't get me wrong, guys. I am not complaining. I love my wife as she is!" Milind hurried to explain himself. "I was only just pulling Prachi's leg."
Prachi smiled knowingly and rewound to the day her husband enlightened her on the nuances of his favourite book.
Past (Prachi's Flashback)
It was a Sunday afternoon. Milind was taking a short nap after lunch. Prachi was in Milind's study, cleaning up the shelves when her eyes fell on Milind's favourite book, Animal Farm. There were several occasions in the past when she was tempted to ask Milind to explain the mysterious book to her. She had read the book fully but still did not understand how this book related to communism. She genuinely wanted to understand what it was about the book which made it so special that it found its way into her husband's lists of favourites. How she wished she too was amongst his favourites. She knew that Milind cared very deeply for her and was strongly attracted to her. Her female intuition told her that he may have already fallen for her but she was not too sure about it. Even if he was in love with her, going by his behaviour, he seemed to have not realised it yet. After her past experiences of getting rebuffed whenever she took the initiative, she was in no mood to repeat the mistake. She, however, enjoyed the camaraderie which had developed between her husband and her. For the time being she was willing to settle for it until Milind himself takes the first step and admits that he loves her.
As she was fairly at ease with her husband now than she was before, she decided to ask him to explain the book to her. So she picked up the book and waited for her husband to wake up. After half an hour, Milind came down looking refreshed after his nap. Prachi served him his tea and while he was having it, she came up to him with the book. She smiled at him sweetly and asked him, "Milind, can I ask you a favour?"
"Anything for you, Prachi. What is it you want?" he asked.
"Can you explain to me this book?" she asked, shyly extending the book to him.
He looked at the cover and read aloud "Animal Farm! So you want to know what this book is all about? Are you sure you will be interested in the topic?" he asked teasingly.
She nodded her head vigorously, prompting a smile from him.
"OK, sit here." He said and drew up a chair close to him.
When she took her seat he asked her what she has understood of the plot of the story.
Prachi began narrating the story, "Well, there is this farm run by a farmer, Mr.Jones who is a heavy drinker. The animals in the farm feel neglected and following the ideals set out by Old Major who is a prize winning boar, there is a mutiny where all the animals overthrow Jones, take over the farm and rename it Animal Farm. The mutiny is lead by three pigs Snowball, Napolean and Squealer who formulate seven commandments for all the animals to follow. At first, Animal Farm prospers. Snowball works at teaching the animals to read, and Napoleon takes a group of young puppies to educate them in the principles of Animalism. However, soon there is a power struggle between Napoleon and Snowball. At this point of time, Mr.Jones and his men reappear to try taking back the farm. Although Napolean and Snowball do not see eye to eye, they come together to banish Jones who is their common enemy. Jones is defeated again by the animals. They take the farmer's abandoned gun as a token of their victory.
After the battle, the rivalry between Napolean and Snowball becomes more open. Snowball's plan of building an electricity generating windmill is declared as 'nonsense' by Napoleon. He also chases Snowball from the farm with the help of his fire dogs. He assumes leadership of Animal Farm and asserts that the pigs alone will make all of the decisions, supposedly for the good of every animal. Although he had initially opposed the windmill plan of Snowball, he puts forth the same windmill project as his own. The animals devote all their efforts to completing the windmill.
One day, after a storm, the animals find the windmill toppled. Napoleon claims that Snowball returned to the farm to sabotage the windmill. Many animals alleged to have participated in Snowball's great conspiracy were to meet instant death at the teeth of the attack dogs. With his leadership unquestioned, Napoleon begins expanding his powers. Napoleon's reign of terror is severe and many animals suffer under his rule. They are terrorised into confessing whatever the authorities want and say that they have been scheming with Snowball as his agents.
Napolean and the fellow pigs start acting more and more like human beings-sleeping in a bed, drinking whisky. Napolean even negotiates 'trade' with his human neighbours after setting them against each other. The original Animalist principles strictly forbade such activities, but Squealer, Napoleon's propagandist, justifies every action to the other animals, convincing them that the rules must be changed to prevent Jones from returning to control the farm. He also brainwashes them into believing that Napoleon is a great leader and is making things better for everyone despite the fact that the common animals are cold, hungry, and overworked.
Frederick, a neighbouring farmer, launches an attack called the Battle of Windmill, against the animals. During the fighting, the windmill is blown off. The animals reconstruct the windmill but the pigs are the only beneficiaries. Ironically, the pigs start to resemble the humans that they hated. They carry whips and walk upright on their hind legs. All the seven commandments are broken by them. The only rule that exists is, All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others. The novel ends with Napoleon entertaining his human neighbours, and all the animals find it impossible to distinguish the pigs from the men."
"Prachi, I'm impressed! So you seem to have finally read the whole book without skipping pages like you did the first time."
Prachi went red in the face remembering the initial foolish comments she made on the novel.
Milind then gave her a discourse on Animal Farm.
"Animal Farm was written by Eric Arthur Blair," he began.
"I thought it was George Orwell," said Prachi, surprised to hear this.
"George Orwell is his pseudonym. Did you know that he was born in Bengal, in pre-independence India?" asked Milind. Prachi shook her head in the negative.
He continued, "Anyway, coming to the story, although it is set in an unspecified time period, Orwell wrote it with reference to the Russian Revolution between 1917 and 1945. Animal Farm refers to the socialist state set up after the Russian Revolution. Although this may appear as history now, at the time that Orwell wrote this book, which was in 1943, the events were more in the nature of current affairs rather than historical."
Prachi asked the burning question, "How is this animal story related to communism?"
Milind smiled, "The entire novel is an allegory. Orwell's characterisation is one of the most interesting aspects of the novel. Each character helps play a central part in establishing the farm's mirror image of communist government. Old Major who was the founder of animalism is very similar to Karl Marx. Old Major died before the animal revolution just as Marx died before Russian revolution. Mr. Jones depicts Czar Nicholas II, the Russian King who was overthrown in the revolution. Snowball is Orwell's pure Animalist. He is a direct follower of Old Major. Now this character is similar to the Russian leader, Leon Trotsky who was overshadowed by Joseph Stalin, who in this story is depicted by the character Napolean. Squealer is a reference to Molotov, who was the trusted deputy of Stalin. Some say Squealer could also refer to the Soviet newspaper, Pravda, which was the mouthpiece of the government. Mr.Frederick represents Adolf Hilter, the German dictator. The dogs which were trained by Napolean are a reference to the secret service agency, the KGB."
Prachi nodded her head understandingly.
He continued, "Animal Farm depicts the corruption of a well established community where a single power took over without competition. It uses animals to show the human nature and the exercise of power within societies. The book discusses a number of conflicts-animals versus Mr. Jones, Snowball versus Napoleon, the common animals versus the pigs, Animal Farm versus the neighbouring humans-but all of them are expressions of the underlying tension between the exploited and exploiting classes and between the lofty ideals and harsh realities of socialism.
The book draws attention to the distortion of socialist ideals in the Soviet Union. The animals initially rebelled because they felt they were treated badly and they only existed to enrich the humans. The animals wanted animalism. They made up the seven commandments. They obeyed only themselves and what's right. But none would have ever thought of the horrible outcome of Animal Farm.
The pigs ultimately end up doing exactly those things they opposed initially. This is a reference to the communist leaders behaving like the capitalists. The humans (read capitalists/monarchs) were overthrown by the animals (read communists/socialists). The superior class was replaced by the proletariats or the working class, but soon power went into the head of some in this class and they started abusing it. This is one of the central themes in the book - power corrupts. Humans can't resist the desire for more power and the wrong use of power. When one has all the power and total control over everyone, he or she will depend on others to do everything for them because the need to be self-proficient has been dominated by the power to control others. We have governments and parliaments to make sure that it does not happen. But no society is perfect. The many themes and symbols in the book all show flaws in every society.
The story also warns of the dangers of being ignorant. As long as people are ignorant, they can be manipulated. The animals were manipulated by the pigs by the use of clever but misleading propaganda. Abuse of language is used as an instrument to the abuse of power. Initially the first commandment given to the animals was All animals are equal. Since the pigs wanted to do things which other animals could not, they changed the commandment to All animals are equal but some animals are more equal than the others. Since the animals were not intelligent enough to question them, the pigs were able to get away with such blatant misuse.
Although the book discussed what was happening in Soviet Union at that time, the message it brought out is applicable for all times and in all situations, for the book attacked fraud and hypocrisy which exists in every society. As Winston Churchill said, 'Power corrupts, absolute power corrupts absolutely.' There can be no better novel which has succinctly put across this well accepted truth than the Animal Farm."
"Wow, now I understand why this book is your favourite. It does carry so many messages in the narration of a simplistic fable," said Prachi admiringly.
"Did you know that the book almost did not get published in Britain because at the time the Second World War was at its peak and the Russians under Stalin, were Allies of the British? So although Britain did not subscribe to the communist ideology, many of the publishers were wary of publishing such a politically sensitive book as it was a critic of Stalin and his style of functioning. They felt that Hitler and the Nazis were a bigger threat to world stability and as long as communist Russia supported the Allies in their fight against Nazis, the inconvenient truth about the way communism was being practiced can be swept under the carpet. The book finally got published only on August 17, 1945 after the Second World War was over. It became an instant best seller."
"How do you know so much, Milind? You truly are a repository of knowledge. I have learnt so much from you in just an hour. How lucky I am to be spending the rest of my lifetime with you to be able to learn so much more during the course of it," she said with wide-eyed admiration and regard for her husband.
Milind smiled and pinched both her cheeks and said, "The pleasure is all mine, my dear dear Prachi. I couldn't have hoped to get a more avid listener to my drab lectures!"
Prachi then said in a more serious tone, "Milind, I am sorry to say that inspite of all your illuminating talk, I still cannot bring myself to develop an interest in politics. Hope you don't mind."
"Of course I don't mind. Each one of us has the freedom to like or dislike things. As long as you do not dislike me, I am prepared to live with anything else," he said in a lighter vein.
"Dislike you? You do know how much I love you, Milind," she said with great feeling.
Milind nodded his head and quickly looked away. He seemed to be disturbed by something, although what it was she did not know at the time.
Source for Animal Farm discussion: 1.The book Animal Farm by George Orwell
2.http://www.exampleessays.com/essay_search/power_corrupts.html
3.http://books.google.co.in/books?
4. SparkNotes: Animal Farmhttp://www.sparknotes.com/lit/animalfarm/ \