NF: Akhand Bharath Ka Sapna - Updt on Page 12 - Page 6

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swethasyam08 thumbnail
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Posted: 13 years ago
#51
Originally posted by: Radhikarani

Six forms of Diplomacy

Kautilya elaborates on strategies for not only the strong king and the aggressor but also
explains the strategies a weak king should follow to defend himself and protect the state.
His forms of diplomacy also depends on the type of the king whether the policy is
directed toward the superior, inferior or equal
The six types of foreign policy that he advocates are-

1. Sandhi
This means accommodation, which means that kings seek to
accommodate the each other and does not resolve to hostile means. These Sandhis
could be temporary or permanent and it depends on the environment and relative
powers of the kings. The various sub-forms in this sandhi have been practiced by
statesmen later. Bismarck had used Karmasandhi with Austria and now Britain's
foreign policy has been to maintain Anavasitasandhi with the United States.

2. Vigraha: This means hostility shown to neighbor or a state. Kautilya strongly
believed that the states are always at war and seek power hence it is necessary to
have hostile foreign policy towards few states which are either equal in power or subordinate in power.

3. Asana: This means indifference and he chooses this policy for states which are
neutral in his mandala concept of nations. He also believes that an indifferent
foreign policy works well in the case of equal power. I may not agree on this
point as we have seen in case of equal powers in history, there has been always
tension which either led to a war or an alliance. Germany viewed Britain as an equal power and could not be indifferent neither could US be indifferent to Russia during the cold war.

4. Dvaidhibhava: This means double policy which was very well practiced by
Bismarck. Kautilya advocates this foreign policy for states which are superior
militarily. Kissinger followed this strategy where he made alliance with China
such that at no time Russia and China could become closer in ties than US and
China. Kautilya advocated the same concept within his Mandala framework.

5. Samsarya: This policy of protection is followed where a stronger state intervenes
and shelters a weak state. Kautilya advocates this policy when a stronger state
needs a shield to protect itself from an equal power it is good to use this policy of
protection for a third state and use this alliance to defend against the potential
enemy. In one sense the colonization was followed where European powers
started controlling weak nations in Africa and Asia and thus strengthening their position against one another

6. Yana: This policy is to attack. Kautilya does mention that peace and stability in a
state makes the state even powerful but never shies away from attacking the weak
and unjust king. He thinks that an unjust king keeps the society unhappy which
makes that state a potential target as it is weak due to social unrest. Who knows
may George W. Bush read Kautilya before pursuing the Yana policy on Iraq!

Thus Kautilya's foreign policy was formed by his strong belief in King and the state's
continuous thirst for power and wealth. His diplomacy tactics were also influenced by
Hindu religion and the social structure which shaped his thinking in terms of types of foreign policies and their application.

radhikarani thumbnail
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Posted: 13 years ago
#52
ths thread is awesme. Lv it.
N thnx 4 postn my linkg thnx ya
swethasyam08 thumbnail
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Posted: 13 years ago
#53
Radhi! u r welcome dear 🤗

n thank u guys. glad that u r liking it. 😊


Swetha
Edited by vss08 - 13 years ago
tiny15 thumbnail
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Posted: 13 years ago
#54
good job!!!👏👏👏i read it now & thinking why didn't i read it earlier!!⭐️⭐️
swethasyam08 thumbnail
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Posted: 13 years ago
#55
thank u Kushi n Tiny!

Tiny glad to c ur comments 😊


Swetha
khusi_* thumbnail
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Posted: 13 years ago
#56
Chanakya's teaching...the way u wrote it swetha is so good...!
prachimishra85 thumbnail
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Posted: 13 years ago
#57
Interseting update
Thanks for the PM
❤️ Prachi
swethasyam08 thumbnail
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Posted: 13 years ago
#58
Thank u all guys! here is the next update

hope u will like it.




Swetha
Edited by vss08 - 13 years ago
swethasyam08 thumbnail
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Posted: 13 years ago
#59

Education in Takshila

Chanakya found in Chandu an able helper during the hazardous journey. He recollected how many years ago almost at Chandu's age; he had to traverse this path all alone.

Moving in the various groups of hemits, business-travellers and even the Buddhist monks, they managed to reach Takshila in about six month's time.

Chandu fell ill twice but Chanakya's herbal medicines cured him quickly. He had learned a few heral secrets from one of his disciples Jivak who was studying medicine in Takshila.

Once Chandu saved his guru and mentor's life by shooting down a pouncing leopard with one deadly arrow exactly when the beast leapt at Chanakya who was returning from a bath in the river.

Various rumours were spreading in Takshila: that an army of demons were nearing from Perdia who had flying horses, that their arrows spit fire and scores of such reports.

After settling down in his house and introducing Chandu to Sinharan and Mehir, Chanakya asked Mehir:"Is it correct what the people have been seeing? They say that Persia has been overpowered by a mighty army from Greece. Got an message from your homeland?" Mehir.

"Yes sire! People are fleeing Persia. They say that this invading army has some hitherto unseen weapons and flying horses. Their chief is believed to be the son of the deities. His name is Alexander. No one can stop him!"

"Even after giving due margin for exaggeration, we can't brand the information as totally false. And I am sure this divine son won't stop at Persia. We ought to remain very cautious," Chanakya said and then addressed to Sinharan. "This boy! I leave him under your charge. Please see to it that he doesn't feel homesick."

Young Chandu mixed with them so easily as salt with water. Since Chanakya was back, the boys were shifterd to their hostel and exercising his influence Sinharan managed to get Chandu admitted to his hostel. Despite the difference in their age, both pulled on well with each other.

Sinharan was the son of the chief councilor of the Malav Republic, a nearly state. He found in Chandu an ideal companion and a match to his expertise in wielding a variety of weapons.

In less than a year's time Chandu fitted smugly to the atmosphere there. By this time Magadh had renewed their grant to the university and many more Magadhis were studying there. Chandu soon became their leader.now he was maturing fast in the open atmosphere of the Takshila university.

Ambhik & Parvateswar

Detailed article for Saga of Ambhik: Originally posted by Nivren: https://www.indiaforums.com/forum/chandragupta-maurya/1699150/the-saga-of-aambhik

Takshila was actually the capital of Gandhar whose king was quiet old. His son, Prince Ambhik, was also studying twice he even had minor scuffles with Sinharan. Ambhik's feudal superciliousness was in disagreement to Sinharan. But there were not many in the university who could afford to displease the Gandhar prince, who was grown more and more influential not only in the university but in his state as well.

Taking the advantage of his father's advanced age; he began to marginalize him from his position of importance. The king, Gandharraj was beyond 70yrs and always subjected to one ailment or the other. His failing health was the main reasons for his taking less and the interest in the administration of his state.

But that day he couldn't keep himself from matters of state when his minister informed him of the arrival of two yavan (Greek) Messengers. Alexander of Macedon, the diety's son, believed to endow with supernatural powers, wanted a passage to India through the Gandhar land. It was too serious a matter for Gandharraj to ignore.

Gandharraj's indifference was caused more by is ambitious son Ambhik's extra indulgence to unsurp more authority and less by his own ill-health.

He remembered how his son took the initiative in his own hands and started a battle against Parvateswar (PURU or PORUS), the Panchanad ruler, when the latter established a post on the bank of the river Vipasha.

It was not exactly a breach of the treaty they had with the Panchanad Pradesh but Ambhik painted it that way. He managed to rouse such violent public opinion that a full army of volunteers got ready to teach Porus a bitter lesson. But ultimately Ambhik had to eat the humble pie.

This made Ambhik more headstrong and he remained on the look out for vanquishing Porus by hook or crook.

Gandharraj had high regards for this king but Ambhik was hostile to Puru. The basic reason for the indifference was Ambhik's desire to marry the daughter of Puru who had been a frequent visitor to Takshila University and Ambhik fell for her. But Puru didn't accept the proposal as he found Ambhik to be quiet a bully nature.

This created rancour in the heart of Ambhik who wanted to maul the Panchand king. It was for achieving this selfish end that he led that 'volunteer army' which came a cropper against the might of Parvateswar.


Alka

Parvateswar treated this as a minor thing caused by a spoilt prince. He had high regard not only for Gandharraj but also for his daughter, Alka, the elder sister of Ambhik, who also partially reciprocated the sentiment.

Though advanced in age, Puru was the hero of every girl of that region. During his regular visits to Takshila he was drawn toward Alka. But Ambhik's personal grudge for Puru didn't like the relationship. This caused a great animosity between Sister n brother which was the real cause of Gandharraj's ill-health.

When the king heard of the Greek messenger's arrival at his gate, he thought to consult Alka first. He considers her to be an ideal adviser. Alka was a brave girl and loved hunting.

It was during one of her hunting expeditions that she was trapped before a charged lion in a dense jungle when Sinharan happened to save her life. Since then she had grown extra fond of Sinharan and used to visit him at the University. Ambhik thought she was becoming too 'manly' and darling and thus becoming a potential rival for the throne of Gandhar.

She met Chanakya after his arrival from his homeland. She too, found of Acharya's thoughts ringing an echo in her heart.



Swetha

sambhavami thumbnail
Posted: 13 years ago
#60
Excellent !!!!!!!!!! 👏👏👏👏👏👏👏👏

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