
Bengali New Year also known as Pohela Boishakh falls on April 15th every year. This is one of the biggest festivals for Bengali people all over the world. Pohela Boishakh is also celebrated by other communities belonging to Odisha, Assam, Tripura, and Jharkhand.
Shashanka, a 7th-century ruler is credited for the origin of the Bengali calendar. However, it was later modified by the Mughal emperor Akbar for the purpose of tax collection. The Mughals used to follow the Hijri calendar which is a purely lunar calendar. All agricultural taxes used to be collected by the Mughals as per this calendar due to which it used to be very difficult for the Hindu farmers to pay taxes out of season as they mostly followed the Solar calendar. Akbar ordered his astronomer and scholar, Fatehullah Shirazi to bring modifications to the tax collection system as per the Hijri lunar as well as Hindu solar calendars. Shirazi formulated a new Bengali calendar and the new year day was introduced on 10 or 11 March 1584. As per the new laws, the farmers were supposed to clear all their dues the day before the new year was observed. On New Year's Day, the landlords used to distribute sweets among their tenants. There also used to be fairs and festivities organized on this day.

In due course of time, businessmen and traders also started closing their old account books the previous day before the new year and opened new account books on the day of the new year. They also used to invite their customers and gifted sweets to them. This practice is still evident in the jewelry class.



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