History of PRC and Sanyo - Page 31

The Tuar Rajputs (also spelt Tomar, Tanwar) is a royal Rajput clan of the Chandravanshi or Lunar lineage. They reside mainly in Northern India with small numbers in Pakistan. They are amongst the foremost of the 36 Royal Races of India.

Contents [hide] 1 History 1.1 Vikramaditya 2 Major Tomar Kingdoms 2.1 Delhi 2.2 Gwalior 2.3 Patan , Rajasthan 3 Shakhas or Sub Clans 3.1 Pathania Rajputs 3.2 Janghra Rajputs 3.3 Janju Rjputs 3.4 Jarral Rajputs 3.5 Diaspora in Uttar Pradesh 3.6 Diaspora in Haryana 4 Modern Tomar/Tanwar Personalities

[edit] History

According to legend, Tomar/Tanwar/Tuar Rajputs are the descendants of the Pandava Prince Arjun, through his great grandson Emperor Janamejaya, son of Emperor Parikshit.

King Yudhishtra, who founded the Capital of Indraprasta in the kingdom of Hastinapur, later abdicated in favour of Parikshit, the grandson of his brother Arjun. Hastinapur was later said to be flooded and the Pandava kingdom was later asserted elsewhere.

The modern city of Delhi is believed to be on the site of Indraprasta^[1]. Delhi was established in 736CE by the Tomar/Tuar king Anangpal Tomar-I who re established the Pandava ancestral capital.

"	The Kingdom of Delhi was founded by Anangpal Tuar, who's dynasty, by virtue of descent from the Pandavas, claimed to be Lords Paramount of India	"
—From A Pageant of India by Adolf Simon Waley[2]

The Tomar Rajput dynasty of Delhi lasted until Maharaja Anangpal Tomar-II, who to quote Lt. Col. Tod,in his 'Annals and Antiquities of Rajasthan was "justly entitled to be termed the paramount sovereign of Hindustan".

Tomars did not lose control of Delhi in battle, but the then Tomar Rajput ruler Anangpal Tomar II appointed his grandson (daughter's son, and son of King of Ajmer), Prithviraj Chauhan, as the heir apparent. Some historians believe that Prithvaraj was merely a caretaker king as long as his grandfather was alive. Prithviraj was never crowned the Delhi, hence adding weight to the view that the Chauhan ruler usurped the thrown from his maternal grandfather.

According to records kept by Jagas of Tomar/ Tanwar Rajputs, King Anangpal made Prithviraj only as caretaker when he went on a religious pilgrimage, as his own sons were very small at that time. When King Anangpal returned back, Prithviraj refused to hand over the kingdom. (note:- should be mentioned that Jagas are hereditary tribal record keepers of Rajputs)

Following their loss of control at Delhi, a branch of the Tomar clan established itself in the area of modern Gwalior in northern Madhya Pradesh. Man Singh Tomar built the fortress citadel which still stands there.

The Mughal emperor Akbar captured Gwalior in 1559. Some Tomar Rajputs converted to Islam during the Muslim-Mughal rule; Tomar Muslim Rajputs are found in western Rajasthan, Pakistan and Sind.

Tomars moved from Delhi to Haryana (Bhiwani, Mahendergarh and Karnal Districts), Madya Pradesh (Gwalior, and Morena and Bhind Districts), Punjab, and Rajasthan (Patan State and surrounding areas). They are spread from Punjab, to Western Uttar Pradesh (Meerut, Badaun, Bareilly, Baraut, Muzaffarnagar Ghaziabad, Aligarh, Bulandshahr), Eastern U.P, significant parts of Himachal Pradesh, to western Rajastan to Northern Madhya Pradesh and even some in Pakistan.

[edit] Vikramaditya

The great Vikramaditya of the year 56BC is claimed to be an ancestor of the Tuar Rajputs.^[3][4][5][6]

"

The principal era to which the luni-solar system is exclusively adapted is that of Vikramaditya, called Samvat. The prince from whom it was named was of the Tur dynasty, and is supposed to have reigned at Ujjain (Ujjyini)[7]

"

In the Hindu tradition in India and Nepal, the widely used ancient calendar is Vikrama Samvat or Vikrama's era. This is said to have been started by the legendary king following his victory over the Sakas in 56 BC.

[edit] Major Tomar Kingdoms

[edit] Delhi

• Founding of Delhi by Tomars

Pasanaha Chariu of Vibudh Shridhar (VS 1189-1230) an Apabhramsha writer, provides the first referenece to the legend of the origin of the name Dhilli for Delhi^[8].

??????? ???? ???????, ?????? ??? ????? ???|
?????? ???????? ????????????, ?? ???? ??? ????????|
??? ???????????? ????? ???????, ?????? ????? ?? ?????|

Translation: There are countless villages in Haryana country. The villagers there work hard. They don't accept domination of others, and are experts in making the blood of their enemies flow. Indra himself praises this country. The capital of this country is Dhilli.

???? ????? ????? ??? ?????, ?????? ??????? ???????? ||
???? ???????? ???????, ???????? ???????? ||

Translation: The ruler Anangapal is famous, he can slay his enemies with his sword. The weight (of the Iron pillar) caused the Nagaraj to shake.

A VS 1383 inscription in Delhi Museum confirms the founding of Delhi by the Tomars:

????????? ??????????? ????????? ????????????? |
???????????? ???? ???? ?????????? ???????? ||

Prithviraj Raso also confirms the founding by the Tomars and the legend of the loose nail (i.e. the Iron pillar ):

??? ????? ??? ?????? ?????? ?????? ??? ?????? ??? |
???? ????? ??? ???? ??????? ??????? ??? ???? ? ??? ||

• Chronology of Tomar Kings of Delhi

1. Anangpal I 736 A.D.
2. Gangeya 772
3. Prithvimal 793
4. Jagdev 812
5. Narpal 833
6. Udaysangh 848
7. Jaidas 863
8. Vachhal 879
9. Pavak 901
10. Vihangpal 923
11. Tolpal 944
12. Gopal 965
13. Sulakhan 983
14. Jaspal 1009
15. Kanvarpal 1025 (Masud captured Hansi briefly in 1038)
16. Anangpal I 1046 (1052 inscription on the Iron pillar at Mahrauli)
17. Tejpal 1076
18. Mahipal 1100
19. Dakatpal (Arkpal or Anangpal II) 1115 A.D.

[edit] Gwalior

Chronology of Tomars Kings of Gwalior

1. Beersingh Deo (1438-)
2. Pulkit tomar Jr.
3. Dungar Singh
4. Man Singh Tomar (1486-1516), 'Father of Dhrupad'
5. Name

In 1517 AD the Fort was taken by Ibrahim Lodhi and subsequently by Babar.

Tomars Of Gwalior

1. Virsingh nearly A.D.1375
2. Uddhharandev A.D.1400
3. Vikramdev
4. Ganapatidev A.D.1419
5. Dugarendrasingh
6. Kalyanmalla
7. Mansingh A.D.1486

[edit] Patan , Rajasthan

Established by King Anangpal II while he was ruler at Delhi, Patan is a city in Rajasthan ruled by the Tomars since 12th Century AD. Patan was capital of Tanwarawati state. It is one of the oldest remaining states still ruled by the Tanwar's who are direct descendents of Anang Pal Tomar.

Chronology of Tomar Rulers at Patan:

1. Rao Salunji (Saalivaahan), Younger brother of ruler of Dilli (Delhi)
2. Rao Nihaalji
3. Rao Dothji (Dohthaji)
4. Rao Popatraj ji
5. Rao Peepalrajji [Fought against Bhinvraj Sankhla of Bihar and killed him, founded Patan Fort]
6. Rao Ranaji
7. Rao Alsiji(Aasalji)
8. Rao Kamalji (Kavarsi)
9. Rao Mahipalji
10. Rao Bhopalji, founded the Sarun Mata Temple in 1276 VS/ 1332 AD, the temple of Kuldevi of Tanwar Rajputs.
11. Rao Bachrajji
12. Rao Bhaadarji
13. Rao Bahadur Singhji
14. Rao Prithvirajji
15. Rao Kalyaan Ji
16. Rao Kumbhaaji
17. Rao Baharsiji
18. Rao Jagmaalji
19. Rao Purnamalji
20. Rao Laakhanji
21. Rao Loonkaranji
22. Rao Kanwalrajji (Kevalji), married and had issue.
23. Rao Udoji, moved away from Patan and established Thikana Gaonri (or Gaondi), and was ancestor of the Thakur Sahebs of Mandholi.
24. Rao Aasalji (qv)
25. Rao Kheebu (Pevji)
26. Rao Sahamalji
27. Rao Karpooriji
28. Rao Beekoji
29. Rao Chhotaa Aasalji
30. Rao Balbhadra Singhji
31. Rao Dalpat Singhji
32. Rao Pratap Singhji
33. Rao Kesri Singhji (Sinhraj)
34. Rao Fateh Singhji
35. Rao Jaswant Singhji
36. Rao Ghaasiramji
37. Rao Bamsiramji
38. Rao SAMRATH SINGHJI -/1757
39. Rao SAMPAT SINGHJI 1757/1790
40. Rao JAWAHAR SINGHJI 1790/-
41. Rao LAXMAN SINGHJI
42. Rao KISHAN SINGH -/1873
43. Rao MUKUND SINGH 1873/-, born about 1862, son of Kunwar Pratap Singh, younger brother of # Rao Kishan Singh.
44. Rao KHUMAN SINGH, married and had issue.
45. Rao MAHARAJ SINGH
46. Rao Sahib UDAYA SINGH, married 1928 in Kathmandu, Rani Thagendra Rajya Lakshmi Kumari Devi, daughter of Gen. HH Shri Tin Maharaja Mohun Shamsher Jung Bahadur Rana of Nepal, Prime Minister of Nepal
47. Rao Sahib BIR BIKRAM SINGHJI -/1991, born 18th August 1932, married 28th April 1960, Rani Sahiba Raghuraj Kumari [presently the Rajmata Sahiba of Patan], daughter of Maharaj Pratap Singhji of Bhupalgarh (Mewar)
48. Rao Sahib DIGVIJAY SINGHJI, Rao of Patan and Head of the Tomar clan in India, since 11th September 1991.

• Buhana:
  • Bhawani singh, Founder of Buhana (Jhunjhunu)in 1234.
  • Baba Umad Singh (Maharaj), lok Devta (Saint) of Buhana, Dist Jhunjhunu (Rajasthan),Now Baba Umad Singh Seva & Vikash Samiti,Buhana working

• Mandholi:
  • Rao Lakhaji Tanwar (1523-1544) of Gaonri Captured Mandholi from Jat Rulers, placed Inderpalji Tanwar at Mandholi.

• Maonda kalan:
  • Two brothers Shyamdasji and Sunderdasji moved from Gaonri and founded Maonda Kalan.Their Jagirdari was spread over twelve villages from Dudas on oneside to Purana Baas.One of the sons of Sunderdasji moved from Maonda Kalan and founded Dantil.

[edit] Shakhas or Sub Clans

[edit] Pathania Rajputs

Pathania is the name of a branch of the Tomar/Tuar Rajputs. It is one of the ruling Rajput Clans of India. Their Kingdom was at Nurpur, founded in the 12th Century, situated in Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh. The kingdom included Pathankot and a large tract on the plains of the Punjab; also the whole of the present Nurpur Tahsil of Kangra district of Himachal Pradesh, with the addition of Shahpurkandi, now in Gurdaspur , and also a small tract to the west of the Ravi, called Lakhanpur, now in Jammu & Kashmir State. Rana Jethpal (12th Century A.D.), the younger brother of Anangpal Tomar, came to Jallandhar Doab also called Bist Doab to carve out a territory for himself. After crossing the Beas river he captured a fort called Bhet, and for this reason it is said, he acquired the name Rana Bhet. After that he became master of the Fort and the town of Paithan, now known as Pathankot, and from then onwards, he came to be known as a Pathania Rajput instead of a Tanwar Rajput. Pathania Rajputs live in and around Himachal Pradesh, in North India. The Pathania clan ruled the Kingdom of Nurpur, till 1849 A.D.,They were famous for their resistance against foreign rule, which they proved by giving battle to invaders till 1849 A.D., after which the Kingdom was annexed by the British, the Raja being a minor. This clan has to its credit three Maha Vir Chakra winners in the Indian Army. This clan has also won many other gallantry awards while serving in the British army of India.

[edit] Janghra Rajputs

Known as a large and turbulent branch of the Tomar/Tuar Rajput clan^[9], the Janghara Rajputs were readily recruited by the British Indian Army.

The turbulent nature of the tribe is further enhanced by the origin of the name Janghara being derived from the words, Jang (war) and Ahra (hunger) meaning "the men who hunger for war".^[10]

After the fall of Delhi to the Chauhans, the Janghara sept parted from the main Tomar branch in disgust. They entered Rohilkhund under the leadership of the prince Dhpu Dhm who's warlike nature was proverbial. A couplet sung by women of the clan states "Below is Earth, above is Rm. Between the two, fights Dhpu Dhm"^[11]

The Janghara Rajputs of Bareilly claim to have ejected the Gwlas in 1388CE. in 1405CE they expelled the Ahirs from their Kingdoms. The Katehriya Rajputs were also defeated and exiled from Rohillkhund by the Janghara Rai's .^[12]

"	The Janghras have always been turbulent and warlike; they should furnish the (British Indian) army with some excellent recruits.	"
—Handbook on Rajputs.[13]

[edit] Janju Rjputs

It is interesting to note that the Janjua Rajputs also ruled in Mathura Uttar Pradesh during the 12th century AD near the Tuar settlements, before being exiled to Punjab where they flourished a warlike repute. They also claim Arjun Pandav descent and also allege to be descendants of the founder of Delhi^[14] The name Janjua also appears to be similar to Janghara, displaying that the derivation Janjua may also have been from the word Jang (war). The name Jangju has been used for the tribe too.^[15]

"	The Janjas of the Salt Range are considered second to none in Martial Spirit and Tradition.	"
—Jhelum Gazetteer[16]

The British held a high regard for the Janjua Rajputs;

The Janjuas of the Salt range by way of contrast, were held to be among the best Muslim soldiers, and were also 'the only really pure Rajputs in the plains of Punjab'....

—"Recruiting, Drafting, and Enlisting (Military and Society, 1)" Peter Karsten^[17]

[edit] Jarral Rajputs

Originally a branch of Tomar/Tuar Rajputs. They gained prominence after their conversion to Islam in the 12 Century. They are descendants of Pandavas and ruled a certain territory of Northern India from a place later came to be known as Kalanaur. They fought against Muhammad Ghor in both the battles of 1191 and 1192 joining Prithviraja Chauhan of Ajmer. They were ferocious and battle hardy Rajputs. Even after conversion they were fond of battles and seized Rajauri from the Pal rulers in 1193 AD.

Jarrals enjoyed fighting the Afghans, the Sikhs, the Dogras and the British and never rested but expanded their state in great length and width of the Punjab Hills. They were ousted from Rajauri State by the combined forces of Sikhs, Dogras and British in 1846. Later, knowing their feats of bravery and courage, the British befriended with them that helped them great in the latter years. It is one of the highest castes of Tomar but due to conversion to Islam were excommunicated by the clan and were not mentioned by the Sagas who note, maintain and narrate rajput family trees. They reside in India, Jammu, Kashmir, Punjab and other parts now in Pakistan. The descendents of Jarral Rulers reside in Musaman Burj, Wazirabad in Pakistan.

[edit] Diaspora in Uttar Pradesh

There are many Tomar Rajputs villages in Uttar Pradesh, over four hundred of them in Western Uttar Pradesh. These villages are mainly spread across the Meerut, Ghaziabad, Badaun, Bareilly, Hardoi, Muzaffar Nagar, Bulandshahr and Aligarh districts. The distribution of some of these villages is as follows:

• 84 villages near Pilkhua in the Ghaziabad district
• 1 villages near khandauli in Agra district
• 1 village(Bhatyana) near Hapur in the Ghaziabad district
• 5 villages near Khurja in the Bulandshahr district (Dharpa, Khalsia, Dinaul, Kirra & Dudupur)
• 24 villages near Baraal in the Bulandshahr district
• 24 villages(Nanglamal, Badla, Pachgaon, Manpur, Maukhas,Samaypur, Sisoli, Jitoli Etc) Garh Road in the Meerut district
• 22 village near Khautali in the Muzaffar Nagar district
• 12 villages near Siana in the Bulandshahr district
• 6 Village in Delhi
• 3 village in near khandwa m.p(atoot bhikari,atoot khas,metaval)
• Some villages in Badaun and Bareilly District

11 villages of tomars in ferojabad district nearly 10000 thousand tomars live in these villages originally migrated from aisa district morena of m.p.

Tomar/Tanwar Rajputs are also found in the, Bhiwani, Karnal, and Mahendergarh districts of Haryana; the Morena district in Madhya Pradesh, near Gwalior; and the Patan state near Jaipur.

Some of the Tomars from Morena district of MP have relocated to Dholpur District of Rajasthan. The major Villages of Tomars in Dholpur are - Sunderpur, Diwan Ka Pura, Gunpur, Chilpura etc.

• some villages in ballia district of eastern U.P. (Halpur, Narayanpur, Karramer, Kenthauli, Jigidsar etc.)

[edit] Diaspora in Haryana

There are several Tanwar Rajput villages in Bhiwani District of Haryana, namely Bapaura, Dinod, Devsar, Tigrana, Haluwas, Paluwas, Kairu, Jeetwan Baas, Bajina, Dhani Mahu etc., and a significant proportion of Bhiwani City comprises Tanwar Rajputs.

Further, there are also several Tanwar Rajput villages in Mahendergarh District of Haryana, one of the largest being Dhanoda, followed by Kheri-Talwana, Bassai, Bhandor Unchi, Chitlang, Pali, Nombi, Bojawas, Pathera, Khudana, and many more.

One tomar village named Gorar in district sonepat right between the dahiya and hooda dominated areas. The people of this village are supposed to be migrated from Johri village under Baghpat district of Uttar Pradesh.

Further, there are also several Tanwar Rajput village in Yamuna Nagar District of Haryana, namely Maheshwari.

[edit] Modern Tomar/Tanwar Personalities

Professor Raghuvir Tomar, an Electronics Engineer with Ph.D. from IIT Kanpur,worked most of his life in Canadian/American High-Tech Industry, now back to India as a Canadian citizen, and as the most talented Professor at the LN Mittal Institute of Information Technology, Jaipur. Read more about him at http://www.lnmiit.ac.in/faculty/rtomar/rtomar.html. Also enjoy his humorous contributions (uniquely borrowed characters like Madame Tharsa, uniquely borrowed concepts like Zeroland,etc.) at Hindustan.net.

Professor JAGAT PAL SINGH TOMAR,an educationist of repute.,author of many books on social reform on education,published several research articles in national and international journals. s/o Thakur vishwnath singh(advocate on record),rajgarh, LAKHIMPUR KHERI. U.P. Presentally residing at 3/416-B, viram khand, gomati nagar, lucknow-10

Bubu Jabar Singh Tomar, Former PWD Minister of Madhya Pradesh. One of the best known Tomar of modern era. A socialist by belief, Jabar Singh Tomar fraught for the plight of the poor farmers through out his public service.

• Mr. V.P. Singh, D.I.G. (Retd.) B.S.F., recipient of Police Medal for Gallantry in the 1971 Indo Pak war [Village Bapora, District Bhiwani].

• Lt. General V.K. Singh, G.O.C. in C, Eastern Command. [Village Bapora, District Bhiwani]
• Dharmendra Singh Tomar From village Bhonpura senthra Ambha , Dist- Morena (MP) working as asso- Business Analyst in Future Group Ahmedabad

• Mr. S.P.S. Tanwar, D.I.G. (Retd.) B.S.F.,[Village Bapora, District Bhiwani].

• Brig. (Retd.) Virpal Singh.[Village Bapora, District Bhiwani].

• Dr.K.S.Tomar - Professor, (J.B.R.A Medical College,Kolkata,W.B.)

• Capt.Parmal Singh Tomar I.P.S ,Captain of Mahar Regiment in Indian army & First I.P.S officer from morena Distt.Retd as I.G

• Sudhakar Vardhan Singh Tomar ( Chairperson of World Pulses Convention and Agricultural commodities expert)

• Dr. Ramesh Chand Tomar (Former 2 times BJP MP from Hapur Constituency, UP)

• Usha Rani Tomar (Former MP from Aligarh, UP)

• Shokhinder Singh Tomar -- Wrestler
• Preet Pal Singh Tanwar -- Promising Cricketer in Haryana

• Dr.Shailendra Singh Tomar (Kolkata)

• Er.Satyendra Singh Tomar (M.Tech-Chemical Engineer, Gwalior)

• Er.Mukesh Singh Tomar from gwalior (M.Tech-Aerospace EngineerFrom IIT Kanpur)

• Vipendra Singh Tomar (Reaching heights in Stock Broking,Gwalior,

Tomar Building)

• Narendra Singh Tomar - President BJP MP State

• Ashutosh Tomar (presently in UK) - Renowned Engineer for his work on

Fourier transforms and signal processing.

• Satendra Singh Tomar- N.S.U.I President Gwalior

• Prabhat Singh Tomar --D.I.G Border Security Force (from Indore,MP)

• Lt Gen (Retd) YS Tomar; PVSM, Formar Adjutant General of Indian Army and commandant IMA Dehradun

• Karan Singh Tanwar - MLA from Delhi Cantonment (Nariana), New Delhi (A Tanwar Rajput of clan Rava/Raya Rajput)
• Durgesh Singh Tomar - Linux Network Administrator & Website Designer , Doeacc Society , Gorakhpur

• prof. ganga singh tomar former H.O.D. of geography in st. xaviers kolkata.[ballia]

• Kuwanr Rhishiraj Pratap Singh Tanwar- Software Engineer(Completed B.E. in Information Technology and also getting Knowledge in 11 Computer language and 4 Spoken Language) Son of Thakur Suneel Pratap Singh Tanwar an Orthopedic Specialist, Indore.

• Akash Tomar- Software Engineer(working for Adobe Systems), Delhi
• Pravesh Kumar Tomar - Software Engineer working for CSC, Noida
• Sudhir Kumar Tomar - Software Engineer working for Accenture, Hyderabad
• Siddhartha Tomar -R&D Engineer (Working For NOKIA RnD Bangalore)
• Surinder Singh Tomar - Retd. Chief Manager UP Utpadan Nigam, Exec- Engineer UPSEB
• Col Niraj Singh Tomar - NCC - Army NCC Aligarh
• Vikas Tomar (S/O Late Sri Chandra Pal Singh) (Software Engg.) SAP Consultant - IBM, Gurgaon (Resident of Village Nangla Mal,Dist. Meerut)below

• Col. BrijPal Singh, Vir Chakra, Retd, Ist D.I.G. B.S.F and founder of Haryana Rajput Shaba V.P.O Bapora Distt. Bhiwani Haryana.
• Prithi Singh, Retd. Air Marshal V.P.O Bapora, Distt. Bhiwani Haryana

• Amarjeet Singh Tanwar Assistant Commandant in BSF presently posted at STC BSF Srinagar Bapora Bhiwani Haryana.

Lt. Col. Inder Pal Singh Tanwar Retd. and Brig. Virpal Singh Tanwar (Retd). son of Late Col.Brijpal Singh Vir Chakra, Bapora, Bhiwani.Gajender Pal Singh Tanwar, Dy. Commdt. retd and Shaym Pal Singh Tanwar Dy. Commdt. retd. Bapora Distt. Bhiwani.

• Rajmohan Singh Tanwar, renownd Advocate in Haryana and Punjab High Court Chandigarg and member of Bar Council of India, Bapora Distt Bhiwani.

• Hukam Singh TANWAR S/o Yogi Man Singh TANWAR Inspector of Rajasthan Police, Police Medal for Meritorious services participated 4 times in UN Peace Keeping Missions.
• Ummed Singh Tanwar S/o Ganga Singh Tanwar Of V&P.O. Maonda Kalan Distt., Sikar, Rajasthan is first to become Chartered Accountant amongst Tanwars in 1976.He was one of the few Rajput chartered accountants in India at that time.He is practicing in Mumbai since 1977.
• Archana Tanwar D/O Ummed Singh Tanwar Of V&P.O.Maonda Kalan is first Tanwar girl to become Chartered Accountant.At present she is working as Asstt.Manager in ICICI Bank Mumbai.
• Ramesh Tanwar, S/O Late Sh. Rur Singh, Vill.-Churina, Teh.-Khetri, Distt.-Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan is the first Rajput boy from the village who joined Indian Air Force while studying in BSc-Ist in Govt. college Narnaul. During his 20 years of tennure in Indian Air Force he completed his Engineering Degree and MBA with specialisation in HRM and Production Management. Now, he is working in Triveni Engg.& Industries Limited, Water Business Group, NOIDA as Additional Manager Engineering.

dr shailendra singh tomar from vill. rajodha , porsa , morena (MP) ,completed MBBS from gwalior , now doing MPH from Texas (USA )

• Om Prakash Tanwar S/O Late Sh. Ram Swarup Singh, Kohar, Distt. Bhiwani, is the recipient of Dhyanchand Lifetime Achievement Award for volleyball from The President of India.
• Dr. Manjeet Singh Tomar have roots in village Gorar dist. sonepat, currently working with YMCA Institute of Engineering, Faridabad as Assistant Professor in Computer Engineering. He is first haryana's tomar resident who earned a Ph.D degree in a technical subject.
• Dharamvir Tanwar have roots in village Pirthala dist. Palwal, currently working with YMCA Institute of Engineering, Faridabad as Head of Section in Electronics.

• Thakur Bharat Singh S/o Thakur Kartar Singh of Vill. Pharal (Now Distt. Kaithal) was the first Rajput to become Member, Public Service Commission, Punjab from 1943 to 1953. He was a renowned Lawyer in Ambala and was also Vice-President of Cantt. Board, Ambala for 17 years before becoming Member, PPSC. His younger brother Dr. Ratan Singh was the first MLA from Ambala after Independence.

• Kanwar Randip Singh, IPS S/o Thakur Bharat Singh was commissioned as an Officer in Indian Army in 1941 & later on joined IPS in 1952. He served in joint Punjab and later on in Haryana and was first Rajput Officer to head Haryana Police as IGP. He also seved as IG BSF and IGP Jammu & Kashmir. He was the first IPS officer to get extension in service and that too in his own cadre. He also served as Special Advisor, Ministry of Home, Govt. of Jammu & Kashmir. He was also appointed as Vice-Chairman, Anti-Corruption Board, Haryana & Charirman, Police Housing Corporation Haryana.

• Kanwar Narinder Pal Singh S/o Kanwar Randip Singh, IPS is a senior & famous Rajput Lawyer practising in Punjab & Haryana High Court at Chandigarh. He was also Legal Advisor of Haryana State Electricity Board for 26 years.

• Kanwar Yuvraj Singh S/o Kanwar Narinder Pal Singh is an practising Advocate in Punjab & Haryana High Court at Chandigarh. He was also selected as an Officer in Territorial Army but opted to practice Law in High Court.

Fort that needs immediate care
Pushpesh Kumar

Bathinda
The Gobindgarh Fort here is one of the 30 monuments and archaeological sites of national importance looked after by the Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) in Punjab. The fort has been losing its grandeur to the vagaries of nature due to maintenance owing to funds constraints.

Built during the early centuries of the Christian era the fort has 32 small and four large bastions placed at its corners. As it was established as a military fort rather than as a residential palace, many of the forts of Rajasthan and south India overshadow this fort in beauty. It is said that Raja Dab, an ancestor of celebrated Veena Pal, built the fort. It is believed that Rao Bhatti established the modern town of Bathinda in the Lakhi jungle area in the third century and it was captured from him by the Braras.

The region witnessed massive inflow of invaders from northwest in several successive waves between 1500 B.C. and 800 B.C. The main turning point in the history of Bathinda came in 1004 A.D. when Sultan Mahmud of Ghazni besieged the fort after King Jaipal had committed suicide. The fort was situated en route from northwest to the economically rich Ganga valley.

The fort then fell to Mohammad Ghori in 1189. But after only 13 months Prithvi Raj Chauhan managed to regain its possession in 1191 after a fierce battle. It was here on this fort that Razia Sultan, the daughter of Iltutmish and the first woman to assume the throne of Delhi, was first imprisoned on her defeat and dethroned by the then Governor of Bathinda, Ikhiyar-Uddin-Mohammad Altunia. In 1754 AD the fort was conquered by Phulkia chief Ala Singh, which remained under the rulers of Patiala till the merger of the princely states. Guru Gobind Singh had also visited this fort.

The fort, originally of mud-bricks, has witnessed enormous changes at the hands of successive rulers. The massive fortificated walls have a basal width with ramp and stairs leading to the parapet from the inner quadrangle. The entrance to the fort is through a three-storeyed gateway, flanked on either side by two massive bastions at the northern end of the eastern face. To the right of the gateway is Rani Mahal with projecting balconies and attached side-rooms, the roofs painted with floral designs. To the left of the gateway on top is a gurdwara built by Maharaja Karam Singh of Patiala. The Nishan Sahib at the gurdwara was installed by the Patiala regiment after their victorious return from World War II.

The fort, which now stands in the middle of the haphazardly growing town, is in a dilapidated condition. Many signboards warn the residents that the walls of the fort had been declared unsafe and could collapse any time. Last year the ASI celebrated the World Heritage Week at the fort to build public opinion so that the authorities concerned could be pressured into releasing more funds for the upkeep and maintenance of heritage monuments.

Sources in the ASI disclosed that due to the scarcity of funds the upkeep of the monuments was very difficult. Moreover, people have allegedly encroached upon many monuments in the state. The ASI has a strength of about 70 employees in the state to look after all these monuments. Most of the monuments are visited by senior officials only once a year.

The sources said while the ASI was short of funds a plan to collect donations was prepared by the government. Under the plan any individual, institute or body was free to donate money for the upkeep of archaeological sites in the country. The donations were made tax-free by the government. But the scheme did not elicit very favourable response, perhaps due to inadequate publicity.

The fort is a witness to the changing times and traditions of the region. A cross-section of the residents regretted that the pride of the city was in a bad condition. Most of them expressed ignorance about any ASI scheme wherein they could donate money to save the Bathinda fort.

NEEMRANA FORT PALACE
Code No- AT-RJ15

Fort Palace - Built since 1464 AD, Neemrana Fort-Palace is India's oldest heritage resort. It is also Rajasthan's closest palace from New Delhi, situated at 122 kms. on the Delhi-Jaipur highway - only 100 kms from Delhi's international airport. Sited on a majestic plateau, concealed in a horseshoe formation of the billion year old Aravalli ranges, Neemrana became the third capital of the descendants of Prithviraj Chauhan III, who was killed in battle by Mohammad Ghori in 1192 AD. This picturesque site was chosen by Raja Rajdeo and Neemrana derived its name from a brave local chieftain Nimola Meo, who when defeated by the Chauhans, pleaded that his name be given to his lost kingdom.

The property covers 25 acres/10 hectares and the stepped palaces of this architectural jewel cut into the hillside to sprawl over 3 acres/1.2 hectares and rises to 10 levels commanding the most splendid views. From 1986, the ruins of this Fort-Palace have been sensitively restored and reconstructed. The rooms are furnished with an eclectic mix of traditional Indian and colonial furniture, antiques and object d'art. Most rooms have private balconies or terraces and the loos are designed to have views!

A fort that was ruled by Yaduvanshis
By Pankaj Shukla

THE Bhatnair fort in Rajasthan is one of the oldest forts of India. The foundation of the fort is said to have been laid about 17 centuries back in 286 A.D.

The fort preserves several interesting tales in its womb. It has witnessed great wars during the period time of Ghaznavi, Timur, Prithvi Raj Chauhan and the Rathores. But the most interesting aspect of the background of the fort is its ties with Lord Krishna's Yaduvanshi generation.

According to History of Bhatnair by Hari Singh Bhati, Balbandh was the last ruler of the 86th generation of Yaduvanshis after Lord Krishna. Balbandh, who ruled in this part of the country from 227 to 279 A.D., had eight sons who were known as Bhatis instead of Yaduvanshis.

The grandson of Balbandh, Bhoopati Bhati, constructed this fort in 286 A.D. and so the fort is called 'Bhatnair ka Quila'.

Bhatnair was also known as 'Band' or 'Bindu'. There was a dense forest in the north-east of Bhatnair, while the Ghaggar flowed in the east, north and south. The river was known as Saraswati at that time. In the more than 1700 years of its history, the fort of Bhatnair experienced the rule of many emperors. According to historians, Mahmud Gaznavi attacked Bhatnair and conquered it in 1004. Before the first Trian war, Bhatnair was in the control of the Turks and during the war in 1191, Prithvi Raj Chauhan defeated Muhammad Ghauri and established his rule there. During the regime of Sultan Nasiruddin, Balban had total control over the state affairs and, in 1246, he appointed Sher Khan who was from Turkistan, as the Subedar of Punjab, Bhatnair, Multan and Sirhind. In 1250, Sher Khan did renovation work in Bhatnair fort, but in 1253, Mehmood Shah took back the charge of Bhatnair from Sher Khan. Balban was jealous of Sher Khan because of his bravery and leadership qualities, so in 1271, he killed Sher Khan, by poisoning him. The body of Sher Khan was buried in the Bhatnair fort and his grave was built there.

In 1351, Ferozeshah Tughlaq became the Sultan of Delhi and in 1360, the Bhatis re-established their rule in Bhatnair. The Bhatis ruled over Bhatnair for 38 years, and, in1398, Timur attacked Bhatnair and defeated Dulichand Bhati, the administrator of the fort and took control. The attack of Timur was very disastrous — the killings, rapes and looting went on for days. It is said that Timur took about two lakh children along with him, whose parents he had killed and after some time he killed the children too. Before leaving India, Timur handed over the Bhatnair fort to his 'Amir', Chigat Khan. The Bhatis made several attempts to regain control of Bhatnair and finally Bhiru Bhati was successful in regaining the seat. During rule of Bhiru Bhati, Chigat Khan's son attacked Bhatnair thrice, and was successful in the last attempt. Bhiru Bhati entered into an agreement with Chigat Khan's sons, as per which he converted his religion and became a Muslim. In 1512, Ram Lunkaran, ruler of Bikaner, attacked Chayalwara, situated on the border of Hisar and Sirsa, and established his rule over 440 villages of Chayals. Their leader, Puna Chayal, after his defeat went to Bhatnair and in the same year he attacked and conquered Bhatnair. In 1527, the then ruler of Bikaner, Rav Jait Singh conquered Bhatnair by defeating Sadat Chayal, son of Poona Chayal, and appointed one Khetsi Kandhol as the administration there. This was the first victory of Rathores of Bhatnair. After death of Babbar, one of his sons, named Kamran, became the ruler of Lahore. Kamran sent his army towards Marwar and from there in 1534, he attacked Bhatnair. Khetsi Kandhol, who was the administrator, was killed in battle and the Mughals gained control of Bhatnair. After this Kamran attacked Bikaner, which was ruled by Rav Jait Singh. In the battle, the Mughals were defeated by Rathores. Kamran then returned to Lahore. During the regime of Sher Shah Suri in Delhi, Bhatnair was under the control of Ahmad Chayal. Rav Kalyanmal was the ruler of Bikaner at that time and his brother, Thakurasi, wanted Bhatnair. In 1549, when Ahmad Chayal was out of Bhatnair for the marriage of his son, Thakurasi attacked Bhatnair and took possession of the fort. In the book Brief History of Bikaner State, Dinanath Khatri has written that during Akbar's regime, in 1560, the Bhatnair royal treasury was looted. Akbar ordered the Subedar of Hisar, Nizamulmulk, to attack Bhatnair. For many days, the Bhatnair fort was encircled by the Mughal army. Nizammulk put a stopped supplies to the fort. Thakurasi, who sent his family to some other place, was killed in the battle. With his death, the Bhatnair fort came under the control of Subedar Nizammulk.

Bundi - Chittaurgarh
Breakfast at hotel. Start for Bundi.

36 km from Kota is a tiny picturesque town, Bundi - One of the unexplored cities with a rich historical wealth. Once a part of Kota, it was ruled by the Had Chauhans - an offshoot of the famous Chauhan clan who ruled Delhi and Ajmer. Bundi is surrounded by the Aravalli hills on the three sides and is circumscribed by a massive wall with four gateways. In 1193 AD when Prithvi Raj Chauhan was defeated by Sultan Mohammed Ghauri, some Chauhan nobles seeked shelter in Mewar and became allies to the Rana while other young warriors moved towards the Chambal valley and overpowered the Meena and Bhil tribals thus establishing their own kingdom of Hadoti. Later, two branches of Hadas formed two separate states of Kota and Bundi, on either side of the River Chambal. Bundi is surrounded by the Aravalli hills on three sides and is circumscribed by a massive wall with four gateways.

Visit the TARAGARH or STAR FORT. Perched on a thickly wooded hill is a marvelous white fort with a huge reservoir that once supplied water to the palace. Built in 1354 AD the fort is one of the most impressive forts of Rajasthan. This magnificent edifice is a fine example of the Rajput architecture, housing some of the superb Bundi murals.

Thanks for the information ayesha Dear!😳😃

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Right ma'am! Can anyone post here which generals PRC lost in the Kannauj & Delhi Battle during Sanyo swayamber!

P R I T H V I R A J C H A U H A N

T H E G R E A T W A R R I O R K I N G O F I N D I A

Prithviraj III (c. 1168-1192) was a king of the Rajput Chauhan (Chahamana) dynasty, who ruled a kingdom in northern India during the latter half of the 12th century. He was born c. 1168 to king Someshwara Chauhan and his wife Karpuravalli. He succeeded to the throne c. 1179, while still a minor, and ruled from the twin capitals of Ajmer and Delhi. His elopement with Samyukta, the daughter of Jai Chandra, the Gahadvala king of Kannauj, is a popular romantic tale in India, and is one of the subjects of the Prithviraj Raso, an epic poem composed by Prithviraj's court poet, Chand Bardai. The Chauhan succession had been rather confused since the death of Vigraha-raja in 1165; Prithviraj reconsolidated control of the Chauhan kingdom and conquered several neighboring kingdoms, which made his state the leading Hindu kingdom in northern India. Delhi was captured from the Tomara Rajputs during the early years of his reign, and was renamed Qila Rai Pithora. He campaigned against the Chandela Rajputs of Bundelkhand. His kingdom included much of the present-day Indian states of Rajasthan and Haryana, and parts of Uttar Pradesh and Punjab. To this day, Prithviraj is considered to be a legendary hero and martyr by Hindus, and his lineage appears quite spread out covering vast tracts of Uttar Pradesh, Harayana, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat, Uttaranchal, Punjab and Himanchal Pradesh.

Contents 1 Battles of gadha 2 Popular culture 3 See also 4 References

Battles of gadha

The Muslim Ghaznavid Empire, which bordered Prithviraj's kingdom to the north, was conquered by the AfghanMuhammad of Ghor towards the end of the 12th century. A dispute over a fortre on the border of 3 kingdoms (thought to be either Sirhind or Bathinda in the Punjab) brought the armies of the 3 kingdoms into conlict at the First Battle of Tarain in 1191. In the First Battle of Taraori in 1191 Prithvi Raj Chauhan defeated Muhammad Ghouri, when he met Ghauri in a personal combat and injured Ghauri. Later both armies attacked each other and Ghauri's army was defeated. Ghauri retreated to Afghanistan. Prithviraj, following the tenets of Rajput warfare of forgiveness, allowed his foe to escape as he was forbidden by Kshatriya rules to attack a retreating enemy. Ghori is said to have vowed not to sleep on a bed or take a bath until he had defetaed Prithviraj. Due to internecine quarrels, Ghori was encouraged and abetted to wage another war on Prithvi Raj Chauhan by petty kingdoms, in which Prithviraj was defeated.

Captivity, revenge and death

As a prisoner in Ghor (Afghanistan), Prithviraj was brought in chains before Mahmud Ghori. He haughtily looked Ghori straight into the eye. Ghori ordered him to lower his eyes, whereupon a defiant Prithviraj scornfully reminded him of how he had treated Ghori when the latter was his prisoner. He declared that the eyelids of a Rajput are lowered only in death. On hearing this, Ghori flew into a rage and ordered that Prithviraj's eyes be burnt with red hot iron rods. The blind Prithviraj was then regularly brought to the presence of the barbaric warlord to be taunted by Ghori and his courtiers.

Prithviraj's former courtier and friend Chand Bardai, who was later to compose the Prithviraj Raso, a ballad-biography of Pritiviraj, came to Ghor to be near Prithviraj in his misery. Chand Bardai came in disguise and secured himself a place in Mahmud's court as a composer of ballads and poems and thus could get access to his friend - Prithvi Raj Chauhan and planned with him on how to seek the revenge.

Killing of Mahmud:

The two got an opportunity when Ghori announced an archery competition. Chand Bardai told Ghori that Prithviraj was so skilled an archer, that he could take aim based only on sound, and did not even need to look at his target. Ghori refused to to believe this; the courtiers taunted Chand Bardai, asking how a blind man could possibly shoot arrows and hit a target. In the spirit of their usual barbaric mockery, they brought the blind and hapless Prithviraj out to the field. Pressing a bow and arrows into his hand, they taunted him to take aim.

Chand Bardai told Ghori that these orders and requests coming from courtiers would be of no avail, for Prithviraj would never follow orders of lowly courtiers. He said that Prithviraj, as an anointed king, would not accept orders from anyone other than Ghori, the king. His ego thus massaged, and in the spirit of the occasion, Mahmud Ghori agreed to personally give Prithviraj the order to shoot. Thus, Chand Bardai ensured Prithviraj of a signal in the form of the voice of Ghori as he was to give the orders to shoot an arrow. To reconfirm the site and distance of the target (Ghori), Chand Bardai gave Prithviraj one further and final clue by composing a couplet on the spot and reciting the same to Prithviraj. This couplet, composed in a language understood only by Prithviraj went thus:

"Char bans, chaubis gaj, angul ashta praman, Taa ke upar sultaan hai, mut chooke Chauhan."

(Ten measures ahead of you and twenty four feet away, is seated the Sultan. Do not miss him now, Chauhan).

As Ghori himself ordered Prithviraj to shoot, Prithviraj aimed directly at Ghori having located the origin of the voice and was helped immensely by the Chand Bardai's couplet. His arrow was so well aimed that it went through Ghori's throat killing him on the spot. The friends, Prithvi Raj Chauhan and Chand Bardai, had planned to end their lives themselves rather being subjugated to toture by the enemy, once their king was killed. Thus having avenged the defeat and humiliation, the friends took out their 'Kataars' (hunting knife), and as per the plan, inflicted fatal blow to one another simultaneously. Thus ended the story of the brave and chivalrous Prithviraj Chauhan, the last Hindu ruler of Delhi. Since the Indian history was never documented in writing, but was passed down by the word of mouth, this folklore is still prevalent and instils great amount of pride as well as a sense of bereavement.

It is also said that Kayam Singh, a brother of Prithvi Raj Chauhan, was forcibly converted to Islam after Prithvi Raj was defeated and taken a prisoner. The progeny of Kayam Singh are said to be the followers of Islam and are called 'Kayamkhani Muslims'.

A different version, propogated by Muslim historians, says that after defeating Prithviraj, Ghauri killed him and gained control of his kingdom and went on to control northern Rajasthan and the northern part of the Ganges-Yamuna Doab.

prithviraj n jaichand quarrel

Raja Jai Chand convened his famous Rajsu Yajna at Kannauj in 1191 with the object of expelling the Muslims from India. Prithviraj was a special invitee to this function, which was attended by many ruling chiefs of the period. Its seven eminent men represented the Mohyal community, one from each caste of its constellation. They were: Gorakh Rai Vaid, Rai Tirlok Nath Bali, Rai Midder Dev Datt, Rai Narsing Dev Chhibber, Rai Takhan Dev Mohan, Rai Inder Sain Lau and Rai Kailash Dev Bhimwal.

However, the ill-fated convention failed to achieve its goal due to the clash of Prithviraj and Jai Chand whose old rivalries came to the surface over-riding national interests. Prithviraj had abducted Sanyogta, Jai Chand's daughter, from a crowded Swyambar. When he ascended to the throne of Delhi, Jai Chand refused to recognize him as a sovereign and made a rival claim. This breach occurred at a crucial time when a series of invasions of Mohammed Ghori were looming in he horizon. Ghori had captured the empire of Mahmud Ghazni after his death and was now poised with the same devilish designs to conquer India.