From & To Sathish #6 - Page 190

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Posted: 7 months ago

How to care for yourself in 2025

By Shobha Narayan, Hindustan Times, January 9, 2025

Today is officially the start of resolution season. You know what I mean. We have eaten more Diwali sweets and Christmas cake than is good for us. Time to stop, we tell ourselves. Time to take charge of our health, habits and goals. The question is how.

I subscribe to many fitness podcasts, read self-help books and follow a routine that is based on convenience rather than medical advice. So imagine my delight when I heard two actionable items from Dr. Devi Shetty, the eminent cardiac surgeon who founded the Narayana Health group and was awarded the Padma Bhushan for his contribution to affordable health. Dr. Shetty was talking about diabetes — rampant in India — and how HbA1C was a marker for longevity. “When you are in your eighties, the one marker that will define the quality of your future life is your HbA1C levels,” he said. So keeping your sugar levels in check is something that all of us need to do.

Dr. Shetty is a healer by habit and temperament. A line of patients — rich, poor and middle-class – wait outside his office to see him. He asks his patient questions, palpating different parts of the body, and combines the clinical with compassion. In every encounter, he tries to soothe patient worry by offering some hope. One morning, I witnessed this, which is how in passing, I heard his advice on how to manage sugar levels. “Don’t stop eating sweets,” he told one patient. “Instead put a small piece of sweet into your mouth and keep it there. Let it take its time and melt. This will tell the neurotransmitters in the brain that they are satiated.”

A family walked in. The old man in a village-style dhoti, his wife in a saree that is clearly from Hubbali. It is clear that they are of modest means and have waited long to meet Dr. Shetty. And so it goes, all through the day. “After each meal, take a 15 minute walk,” Dr. Shetty tells a patient with diabetes. “That’s like getting an insulin shot.”

So there you are. Two actionable items. Savour a piece of sweet and take a walk after each meal. Each one of us can do that. Keeping the habit though is difficult. I discover this when I visit Radha Krishnaswamy, a functional strength trainer in Indiranagar. I am there for an analysis of my posture, pain, gait and pronation. Over the course of an hour, Radha takes photos of how I stand, squat, lunge, lift my arms and move my legs. I discover that I am involuntarily leaning right (like the tower of Pisa), because my right side bears the brunt of the weight I carry. I also learn that my thighs and core need strengthening. Radha suggests simple exercises for correction. For example, stand on one leg and shut your eyes. Try it. You will be shocked at how much you wobble. Over time, you will get used to this and hopefully your balance will improve. “As you get older, you need to focus on balance and reflexes so that you can prevent falls or learn to fall better,” says Radha.

My brother and I used to tell each other that our Dad was a “good faller (in that he seemed to know how to fall so that he didn’t break bones).” In his eighties, Appa used to fall, but each time, he got wounds and gashes but thankfully no broken bones. Learning to fall is a lot about reflexes. Thankfully there are exercises each of us can do to fall better.

For women, strengthening the core and solving for knee pain is a big issue. Radha also tells me that Kegel exercises are important for women to identify and improve core muscles. This exercise is about identifying core muscles by quickly stopping the urination. Then you lie down and learn to tighten these muscles. Then you use these muscles while exercising.

Most of us focus so much on activity that we don’t pay attention to how we stand, sit or move. Are you having pain on one side of the body? It means that you are overusing that side. When you stand or walk, do your feet move forward in a straight fashion—“like a railway line” to use Radha’s words? Or does your right foot splay out more than your left foot. Most of us have heads that lean out, thanks to computers. Look at the location of the heads in children. Their ears are in line with their shoulder blades rather than jutting forward. All these can be corrected for future benefit.

There is a lot of knowledge out there about diet and exercise. Lesser known are the benefits of how we move, stand and sit through the day for optimal functionality and comfort. Becoming aware of and improving how we perform these simple everyday movements may be the best New Year gift we can give ourselves.

Shoba Narayan is a Bangalore-based award-winning author. She is also a freelance contributor who writes about art, food, fashion and travel for a number of publications.

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Posted: 6 months ago

Scientists pinpoint the origins of humanity’s love of carbs

The origin of modern humans’ long-standing love affair with carbs may predate our existence as a species, according to a new study.

A once prevailing stereotype of ancient humans feasting on mammoth steak and other hunks of meat helped foster the idea of a protein-heavy diet that was necessary to fuel the development of a large brain.

But archaeological evidence in recent years has challenged this view, suggesting that humans long ago developed a taste for carbohydrates, roasting things such as tubers and other starch-laden foods that have been detected by analyzing bacteria lodged in teeth.

The new research, published in the journal Science on Thursday, offers the first hereditary evidence for early carb-laden diets. Scientists traced the evolution of a gene that enables humans to digest starch more easily by breaking it down into simple sugars that our bodies can use for energy. The study revealed these genes duplicated long before the advent of agriculture.

This expansion may even go back hundreds of thousands of years, long before our species, Homo sapiens, or even Neanderthals emerged as distinct human lineages.

Researchers based at The Jackson Laboratory in Farmington, Connecticut, and the University of Buffalo in New York state analyzed the genomes of 68 ancient humans. The study team focused on a gene called AMY1, which allows humans to identify and begin breaking down complex carbohydrate starch in the mouth by producing the enzyme amylase. Without amylase, humans would not be able to digest foods such as potatoes, pasta, rice or bread.

Humans today have multiple copies of this gene, and the number varies from person to person. However, it has been tricky for geneticists to piece together how and when the number of these genes expanded — a reflection of when eating starch likely became advantageous for human health.

“The main question that we were trying to answer was, when did this duplication occur? So that’s why we started studying ancient genomes,” said the study’s first author Feyza Yilmaz, an associate computational scientist at The Jackson Laboratory.

“Previous studies show that there’s a correlation between AMY1 copy numbers and the amount of amylase enzyme that’s released in our saliva. We wanted to understand whether it’s an occurrence that is corresponding to the advent of agriculture. This is … a hot question,” she said.

A genetic opportunity

The team found that as far back as 45,000 years ago, hunter-gatherers — whose way of life predated agriculture — had an average of four to eight copies of AMY1, suggesting that Homo sapiens had a taste for starch long before the domestication of crops shaped human diets.

The research also revealed duplication of the AMY1 gene existed in the genomes of Neanderthals and Denisovans, an extinct hominin first discovered in 2010 about whom relatively little is known. The presence of multiple copies of the gene in three human species suggests that it was a trait shared by a common ancestor, before the different lineages split, according to the study.

That finding means archaic humans had more than one copy of AMY1 as far back as 800,000 years ago.

It’s not clear exactly when the initial duplication of AMY1 took place, but it likely happened at random. The presence of more than one copy created a genetic opportunity that provided humans with an advantage for adapting to new diets, especially those rich in starch, as they encountered different environments.

The analysis also showed that the number of AMY1 copies a person carries increased steeply in the past 4,000 years — likely favored by natural selection as humans adapted to the starch-rich diets resulting from the shift from a hunter-gatherer lifestyle to agriculture and farming grains.

The study “provided compelling evidence” of how the molecular machinery for converting difficult-to-digest starches into easily accessible sugars evolved in humans, said Taylor Hermes, an assistant professor in the department of anthropology at the University of Arkansas, who wasn’t involved in the research.

What’s more, the new research bolsters the emerging theory that it was carbs, rather than proteins, that provided the energy bump necessary for the increase in human brain size over time, he noted.

“The authors finding that an increased copy number of the amylase gene, which results in a greater ability to break down starch, may have emerged hundreds of thousands of years before Neanderthals or Denisovans gives more credit to the idea that starches were being metabolized into simple sugars to fuel rapidly growing brain development during human evolution,” Hermes said.

“While I think more testing with higher-quality ancient human genomes is warranted, I was surprised that the authors were able to detect multiple copies of amylase genes in Neanderthals and Denisovan genomes that have been previously published,” Hermes added. “This shows the value in continuing to mine the genomes of our human ancestors for important medical and physiological records.”

It is challenging to understand how individual genes varied over time in populations, and the study is “extremely impressive,” said Christina Warinner, John L. Loeb Associate Professor of the Social Sciences and Anthropology at Harvard University.

“We know that dietary shifts have played a central role in human evolution … but reconstructing these events that took place thousands, hundreds of thousands, and even millions of years ago is daunting,” Warinner, who wasn’t involved in the research, said.

“This study’s genomic sleuthing is helping to finally time stamp some of those major milestones, and it is revealing tantalizing clues about humanity’s long love affair with starch.”

By Katie Hunt, CNN

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Posted: 6 months ago


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Posted: 6 months ago

I read an interesting article and I thought it was a nice recap of the changing evolution we are in caught in.

Remember the Kodak company? In 1997, Kodak had about 160,000 employees. And about 85% of the world's photography was done with Kodak cameras. With the rise of mobile cameras over the past few years, Kodak Camera Company is out of the market. Even Kodak went completely bankrupt and all his employees were fired.

At the same time many more famous companies had to stop themselves. Like

HMT (clock)

BAJAJ (स्कूटर)

DYANORA (TV)

MURPHY (RADIO)

NOKIA (Mobile)

RAJDOOT (Bike)

Ambassador (car)

None of the above companies had bad quality. Why are these companies out yet? Because they could not change themselves over time.

Standing in the present moment you probably don't think how much the world could change in the next 10 years! And today's 70%-90% jobs will be completely over in the next 10 years. We are slowly entering the era of "Fourth Industrial Revolution".

Check out today's famous companies-

UBER is just a software name. No, they have no cars of their own. Yet today the world's largest taxi-fair company is UBER. Airbnb is the largest hotel company in the world today. But funny thing is they don't own a single hotel in the world. Similarly, examples of countless companies like Paytm, Ola Cab, Oyo rooms etc can be given.

There is no work for new lawyers in America today, because a legal software called IBM Watson can advocate much better than any new lawyer. Thus, almost 90% of Americans will not have any jobs in the next 10 years. The remaining 10% will be saved. These will be 10% experts.

The new doctor is also sitting down to work. Watson software can detect cancer and other diseases 4 times more accurately than humans. Artificial intelligence will surpass human intelligence by 2030.

90% of today's cars will not be seen on the roads in the next 20 years. Leftover cars will either run by electricity or hybrid cars. The roads will slowly become empty. Gasoline consumption will decrease and oil producing Arab countries will slowly become bankrupt.

If you want a car you have to ask for a car from a software like Uber. And as soon as you ask for a car, a completely driverless car will come and park in front of your door. If you travel with several people in the same car, the rent of a car per person will be less than a bike.

Driving without driver will reduce the number of accidents by 99%. And this is why car insurance will stop and car insurance companies will be out.

Things like driving on earth will no longer survive. Traffic police and parking staff won't be required when 90% of vehicles disappear from the road.

Just think, there used to be STD booths in the streets even 10 years ago. All these STD booths were forced to close after the mobile revolution came in the country. Those who survived have become mobile recharge shops. Again online revolution in mobile recharge. People started recharging their mobile online sitting at home. Had to replace these recharge shops again. Now these are just mobile phones to buy and sell and repair shops. But this will also change very soon. Mobile phone sales are increasing directly from Amazon, Flipkart.

The definition of money is also changing. There used to be cash but in today's age it has become "plastic money". Credit card and debit card round was a few days ago. Now that too is changing and the era of mobile wallet is coming. Growing market of Paytm, one click of mobile money.

Those who cannot change with age, age removes them from the earth. So keep changing with the times.

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Posted: 6 months ago

How to Speak Like a Leader

The words you choose have power.

They can inspire confidence, show clarity, and foster growth.

Or they can do the opposite.

Here are phrases to replace if

You want to lead with impact:

1. Instead of: “I think”

Say: “I believe”

↳ It conveys confidence and conviction.

2. Instead of: “I don’t know”

Say: “Let’s explore this”

↳ It demonstrates openness and collaboration.

3. Instead of: “I’m too busy”

Say: “We need to prioritize”

↳ It shows decisiveness and focus.

4. Instead of: “It’s up to you”

Say: “Let’s move forward”

↳ It provides direction and momentum.

5. Instead of: “We failed”

Say: “This is a learning opportunity”

↳ It fosters growth and resilience.

6. Instead of: “Good job”

Say: “I appreciate your effort”

↳ It makes feedback personal and meaningful.

Leadership isn’t just about what you do.

It’s about how you communicate.

The way you speak can elevate not only your leadership but also the confidence of those around you.

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Posted: 6 months ago

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VRDL70GMhnk

Baakiyalakshmi | Episode Preview 1 | 11th January 2025

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Posted: 6 months ago

https://psyche.co/ideas/the-pupil-of-the-eye-opens-a-remarkable-window-into-the-mind

From mental effort to the content of a person’s imagination, these tiny apertures reveal far more than you might realise

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Posted by: Leprechaun

6 months ago

From & To Sathish #7

Previous thread links: From To Satish #1 From To Sathish #2 From To Sathish #3 From To Sathish #4 From To Sathish #5 From To Sathish #6

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