The court found Salman guilty of killing two chinkaras or black bucks, a deer species, at Bhavad village in Rajasthan in 1998.
Seven other accused in the case, including comedian Satish Shah, were acquitted in the case by Chief Judicial Magistrate B K Jain.
Salman, 40, was present when the judgment was pronounced in the packed courtroom.
He was convicted under the Wildlife Protection Act. The sentence will come into effect after one month.
It was one of four cases filed against the actor for poaching endangered animals.
Salman was charged with hunting chinkaras during the night of September 26-27, 1998 when he was in Jodhpur for the shooting of Sooraj Barjatya's Hum Saath Saath Hain.
Salman and other actors starring in the film were booked by the Rajasthan forest department on charges of poaching endangered animals.
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