- Main article: Qiyamah
In Islamic eschatology, Judgment day starts 30 years before the end of the earth. The coming of the Mahdi (also Mehdi and meaning "the divinely guided one"), which precedes the Second Coming of Isa (Jesus), triggers the redemption of Islam and the defeat of its enemies. The exact nature of the Mahdi differs between Shi'ah Muslims and Sunni Muslims, but both agree that Isa (Jesus) and the Mahdi work together to fight evil in the world, to cement justice on Earth, and will unite the Muslims and true Christians under true Islam and abolish Jizya. The Mahdi comes from Mecca and rules from Damascus, Syria. Isa will defeat Dajjal (literally: deceiver; the false Messiah or antichrist,) and then shall live on Earth for many years. According to some traditions Isa will marry and have a family, and then die.
In the text, Signs of Qiyamah, Muhammad Ali Ibn Zubair Ali states that after the arrival of the Mahdi, "the ground will cave in, fog or smoke will cover the skies for forty days (ayah). A night three nights long will follow the fog. After the night of three nights, the sun will rise in the west. The Beast of the Earth shall emerge. The beast will talk to people and mark the faces of people. A breeze from the south shall cause all the believers to die. The Qur'an will be lifted from the hearts of the people."
During judgment, a person's own "book of deeds" will be opened, and they will be apprised of every action they did and every word they spoke (Qur'an 54.52-53). Actions during childhood are not judged. Even minor and trivial deeds are included in the account. When the hour is at hand, some will deny that the Last Judgment is taking place and will be warned that the Judgment precedes the "Day of Pining" (distress) (Qur'an 30.55-57, 19.39). If one denies a deed he or she committed, or refuses to acknowledge it, his or her body parts will testify against them.
The Qur'an states that some sins can condemn someone to hell. These include lying, dishonesty, corruption, ignoring God or God's revelations, denying the resurrection, refusing to feed the poor, indulging in opulence and ostentation, and oppressing or economically exploiting others.[13]
Throughout judgment, however, the underlying principle is that of a complete and perfect justice administered by Allah. The accounts of judgment are also replete with the emphasis that Allah is merciful and forgiving, and that mercy and forgiveness will be granted on that day insofar as it is merited.
This is similar to some Protestant theologies that state that salvation is by the grace of God, and not by deeds. Islam, however, emphasizes that grace does not conflict with perfect justice.
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