I was reading this on fb and found it interesting so thought to share. if it is not right place then I will edit it
Udyoga Parva 4D Teeka (Commentary 2) to parts
3 & 4A & 4B
Vignettes from Udyoga parva 2
Information in conversations between
Yudhishthara and Sanjaya
Yudhishthara asks Sanjaya, "Is Drona well? Are
Kripa along with his son? Are they respected by
Kauravas? Does son of Drona live there and is he
honored? Is Prince Yuyutsu born from Vaisya
well? Is the Minister Karna who rules stupid
Duryodhana well? O Soota, are the mothers, the
old ladies of family, the great wife of Dasa, the
brides, the nephews, sisters, sons of our sisters,
the daughters of our sisters, the grandsons of
our daughters, all ok and living well? "
So we know Kripa's sons are mentioned here. In
Santi Parva, Bheeshma tells of old Kripa's death
in sanyasa while worshipping in forest,
Yudhishthara tells of death of Kripa at hands of
Arjuna. Kripa in the descriptions indicates a
family of Gautam Rishis rather than one person.
Original Kripa was found by Shantanu and was
much older than Satyavati.
Now among family members Yudhishthara asks
about the Famous wife of Servant or
Dasabharya. Some scholars mean this to be
referring to Satyavati who is almost unheard
since death of Pandu. Other think this is
Vidura's mother. When Shantanu died,
Bheeshma went to help the Gods fight Asuras.
Satyavati ruled with help of her relations (the
fisher folk sons of Dasharaja) and this could be
referring to a wise wife or daughter-in-law of
Satyavati's brother who helped Satyavati rule in
that period. It could be wife of one of older
Kaurava servants who was nice to Kunti or
Pandavas when the orphans came to Hastinapur.
Another point Yudhishthara re-states "The
kingdom of Kauravas is overrun by gangs of
dacoits."
This sense of chaos and lack of police control
over the region and general lawlessness and
disorder was indicated in the description of
Teerthas inside the Kaurava kingdom during
teerth yatra. This could be the revolt by the
people against Duryodhana since Dyuta except
this description of lawlessness and disorder is
shown in Dhritrashtra's kingdom during Pandava
first exile as well. This is poet again and again
demonstrating the misrule and disorder of
Dhritrashtra and Kauravas. We are again and
again given the hints of bad rule and
brutalization of populace by Kauravas and the
opposite sense of rule under Pandavas in
Indraprastha. The population of Kurujangala did
not want Yudhishthara to leave. Gandharvas
inside Kaurava territory with total disdain
capture the royal prince and royal princesses
and kidnap them. Dhritrashtra and Duryodhana
either disdain giving cows to Baka Dalbhaya for
Yagna or cannot afford to till Sahadeva comes to
their aid.
People in this group without any basis compare
the rule of Pandavas and Kauravas. The epic has
many stories and straight forward indicators
that Pandava rule was beneficent, not only that,
the year they spent in Matsaya revived and made
that nation prosperous. Bheeshma indicates that
best way to find the Pandavas is to look for
nation which has become prosperous all of a
sudden.
The reverse may not be always true but with
warriors like Bheeshma, Drona, Asvwathamma,
Kripa, Karna, Hundred Kauravas, Bhurishrvas, et
all, Kaurava kingdom is plagued with dacoits. Of
course, you don't use elephants to hunt jackals.
But, Yudhisthara rubs salt on wounds by
reminding them that Arjuna was able to keep the
country free of the dacoits. Yes the Kauravas
had the greatest warriors in the world who
could not be bothered to protect the safety of
their lowest common denominator. The real
warriors are those who can fight as Kshatriyas
and hunt as policemen do. The allrounders, the
complete warriors. Even in Vanavasa, the
brothers go in four directions for hunting
animals and dacoits on regular basis. Their fights
against the four legged and two legged
dangerous animals are described again and
again.
The proud akaramik Kshatriyas like Bheeshma,
ministers like Drona and Karna would disdain to
do the job of a policeman. Arjuna and Bhima as
well as twins did not. The safety and security of
common people meant that Pandava brothers
were always active while Kauravas wallowed in
luxury, a point also stated by Dhritrashtra while
briefing Sanjay.
Yudhishthara reminds Sanjaya when he sent
Sahadeva alone to punish the Kalingas as King of
Indraprastha. Sahadeva alone firing arrows using
both right and left hands defeated the Kalinga
army.
Yudhishthara reminds Sanjaya that he had sent
Nakula and Sanjaya then a Pandava employee to
punish Trigartas and Sivis for past affronts.
Nakula had executed his orders perfectly. He
further reminds Sanjaya that Kauravas following
evil advice of Karna (no use of word Sootaputra,
he is called Mantri Karna and bad advisor) were
trapped by Gandharvas and it was Bhima and
Arjuna who freed them.
We know three things here about Sanjaya,
Sanjaya was employee of Pandavas in past, he
was recommended for that job by Vidura, so he
left Hastinapur in partition and joined Pandava
side, as a child, Sanjaya and Arjuna were great
friends, as was Bhima and Yuyutsu. (We start
seeing that Bhima beating up Kauravas as child
may be protecting his friend Yuyutsu who later
describes how he was always hurt by disregard
by his real brothers and was "protected" by
Pandavas.) Pandavas looked upon Sanjaya as
second Vidura. Arjuna's best friend as child was
a Sootaputra.
(Dhananjayasyatmasmaha Sakhasi) and while we
are at it, we learn Yudhishthara's best friend was
Bhurishrvas.
There is a very cryptic statement by
Yudhishthara. In the Gandharva war, we know
that Yudhishthara was busy with Yagna. Here he
states to Sanjaya that as Bhima protected the
backs of Nakula and Sahadeva in war with
Gandharvas, he protected the back of Arjuna. I
have not thought much about this. Any ideas
would be welcome. He might be mentioning the
Drupada war after graduation.
In folk and in foreign Mahabharatas,
Yudhishtharas dual nature is highlighted, BOTH
Dharmaraja and Yamaraja, the two aspects of his
father. Many times in epic, he is called Grandson
of Surya, again highlighting the Yama link than
the Dharma link. In folk and foreign versions, he
is able to be two places at times in some stories
splitting his two personas. The same goes for
Nara and Purandhara in Arjuna and almost
infinite aspects as Vayu is everywhere. The
forested and mountainous central Indian villages
are filled with tales of multiple Bhimas. In some
cute and beautiful legends, twelve belles,
daughters of ironsmith, potter, vaidya, pujari,
fisherman, farmer, washerman, carpenter,
shopkeeper, chaukidar, cowherd, basically all
village level professions worship Vayu to get
them husband as Vayu asks Bhima to split into
many youth to marry each profession and hide
during Agyatavasa. These twelve Bhimas clear
out dacoits, marry the daughter of chief of
thieves (all village professions remember ). They
defeat and crush the pride of Vasuki. Pray
(remember Pujari too!!) and force clouds to visit
the parched famine ridden lands. They still do
those Bhima prayers in Central India when the
rains do not arrive on time. Twins do not miss
out, Sahadeva's Mahadeva portion is very busy
with the various shakti wives of Siva testing
Pandavas especially Sahadeva time and again.
The Neutral Sakuni
While we are at Gandharva war, that was at 10th
year of exile. Sakuni at end of that episode
advised Duryodhana to cancel the rest of the
conditions and give the Kingdom to Pandavas
right there and then. He was absent in
Duryodhana's court during Agytavas and
discussions later. He missed Virata invasion. He
did not participate at all on the discussions for
Peace terms. Sakuni did come to fight for his
sister's son with his entire family. But Sakuni
was not actively opposing Pandavas.
https://www.facebook.com/MahabharatKiGala
tiyan/posts/511543292291891?stream_ref=5
Yudhishthara again calls Duryodhana Jealous,
angry, spiteful, Rapist, lustful, and also ignoring
justice and economy in his actions as ruler and
one who has cheated friends in past.
But Ganguly shows Yudhishthara abusing the
ministers of Duryodhana, he does not in Geeta
Press and critical edition. He simply states the
ministers of money seeking and no-intelligence
of his won Duryodhana are Dushasana, Sakuni
and Sootaputra. He is just naming the ministers
Duryodhana listens to and ignores Vidura who
gives him opposite advice.
Yudhishthara states that he does not see any
resolution till Duryodhana listens to Vidura. He
also states that Karna thinks it is easy to defeat
Arjuna in battle. So many battles have happened
in the past as proof. Why was Karna unable to
defend Kauravas in many battles in the past? The
unfortunate part is that Arjuna is the best
archer. This Karna knows, Duryodhana knows,
Drona knows, Bheeshma knows, everyone of the
Kauravas knows. They have come to start
believing their own Propaganda that they had
defeated Pandavas in battle and not in Dyuta.
THIS is a major indication. Kauravas were
spreading the stories that they had defeated
Pandavas in past. This was a propaganda device
to gather more allies to their sides. So people
who do not think for themselves, those who do
not verify, those who are gullible, those who do
not check facts, those who do not care, those
who do not participate, those who just watch
starplus MBH(:-)) , they would rally to Kaurava
side and die on that side.
Yudhishthara mentions the size of Gandiva, it is
6 feet tall or 72 inches. It is slightly taller than
Arjuna, the shortest of five Pandavas in height.
We also get to know of a death in Pandava camp
before war. Kashi King Babhru had come to
Pandava side with an Akshauhini. He was first to
arrive even before Drupada did. His daughter
was married to Bhima. We hear of him during
Sanjaya deliberations. Later when war starts, the
old King is dead. His son Abhibhu is the Kashi
King in the war. He is killed by Vasudan's son
later. His sons including Prakant died in war. His
nephew and Upapandava Sarvaga is the heir and
next king of Kashi. He is also joint king of Kasi,
Kosala and Mithila states in the after war lack of
Kshatriya years. Svetaketu the famous
philosopher complains to him that though there
is single administration, he can atleast appoint
three priests, one for each kingdom and offers
his services which are declined. Svetaketu goes
to several Upa Pandavas trying to get the job as
their priest and fails.
The Kaurava administration ranks by
Yudhishthara
In his return message, Yudhishthara lists the
Kauravas by ranks: First comes Purohita then
Acharya of Dhritrashtra, their rutvijas(one of
these would be Sudharma, another would be son
of Dhaumya),
then Ashotriya old man who thinks of Pandavas
(Ashotriya is caste name for Shudra like Vidura),
then he asked about the Vaisya councilors of
Dhritrashtra,
(The ones listed by Yudhishthara including the
Vaisya councilors who had protested Draupadi's
treatment right there and then on that fateful
day, Yudhishthara listed them ahead of King and
other royalty, even Bheeshma, Yudhishthara may
have forgiven but he had not forgotten. The first
salutations were reserved for those who will live,
those the son of dharma judged dharmik...)
then Drona and Gandharvakumar Ashwathhama,
then Maharathi Sharadwata,
then Bheeshma, then Pragyachakshu,
then the prime idiot, ass, indulging in daily bad
conduct, inconsiderate Duryodhana,
then equally sinful and idiotic Dusshasana,
then the Sadhu and who always wishes for Kuru
peace, Bahalika vanshi Bahalika,
then intelligent Somadatta who always took away
Pandava anger in their childhood,
then Yudhishthara's best friend and brother
Bhurishrva, (cousin and brother-in-law)
then he names his brothers, nephews and
grandnephews.
He then names kings of Vashati, Shalwa, Kekaya,
Ambashtha, Trgartas
Then officers and then ministers then
Gategaurds, Army leaders, Treasurers, then
committee chiefs
Then Yuyutsu, the best of Kauravas, the
coordinator of Dharmik activities
Then great gambler and divine chariot owner
Chitrasena,
Then Gambler Shakuni,
Then Vaikartana Karna, a great warrior who is
deluded and deludes the deluded Kauravas even
more,
Then Vidura, their old minister (here they are
implying Vidura' son because Vidura is already
referred to above),
Then all the old ladies who mothers to Kauravas,
Then the wives of Kauravas and asked for their
health and good fortunes,
Then the young daughters-in-law and also bless
the new mothers among them,
Then the married daughters of Kauravas and
their husbands, then unmarried daughters,
Then the women of the palace and so on...
chitrasena the great gambler was kaurava prince
who was close to yudhisthara and his gambling
buddy in past
Yudhishthara's MANREGA and Kaurava 2G scam
Then Yudhishthara sends another message to the
cripples, dwarves, the poor and the slaves. He
remembered that he had allowed the dasa and
dasis of his palace to bring in many cripples,
handicapped, poor, orphans and dwarves and
other ill people. Of course, they were left
masterless when he had to go to forest. Draupadi
used to take special care of them especially
dwarves and cripples. They have been without
their parents, viz King and Queen. Yudhishthara
was upset that Duryodhana or Dhritrashtra had
stopped their pensions (jivanvriti).
He asks Sanjay to tell these depressed classes
that they should not lose hope, they should not
be afraid for long. In few days, I WILL DEFEAT
the enemies and get food and clothing available
to you people soon.
He also requests Sanjaya that I had set some
pensions and subsidies for Brahmins and learned
people and Duryodhana had not taken care of
these. His officers were stealing from these
government pensions. (Annual Jivika-vriti). THE
ORIGINAL SCAM!!!
Yudhishthara wants to restore these pensions as
well pensions for the poor. When you reach
there, send me some trusted ambassadors and I
will send money from here.
So handicapped then scholars and third were
orphans and fourth group was oppressed.
He also instructs Sanjay to tell all the people
who have come from all over to join Kauravas
that the reconsider their actions and think how
to survive what is going to come.
Yudhishthara gave the following options to
Kauravas:
A: Indraprastha and half of Kuru lands &
Forgiveness for Dushasana and Duryodhana
B: Five villages: Avisthala, Vrikasthala, Makandi,
Varnavata and fifth of his choice
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