Originally posted by: sashashyam
I would like to take up only the last point about Alexander's decision to return after defeating Pururava (Porus).
It was because, though he famously wept as he had no more worlds to conquer, his army was on the verge of revolt and wanted to go back to their beloved Greece. He also knew how vast the country was and he could not have proceeded further inland with a sullen, mutinous army. So he decided to call it a day and started the long trek home, which of course he never completed.
But he left some of his generals behind to hold the parts he had conquered, one of whom was the famous Seleucus Nikator. These were the Greek 'kingdom's that gave rise to the Indo-Greek school of sculpture called Gandhara art. The Emperor Kanishka united and ruled the former Greek areas in the second century AD, and the present day Kandhahar in Afghanistan has its name derived from Gandhara.
Shyamala B.Cowsik